Internal-combustion engine.



W. W. HARWOOD.

INTERNALCOMBUSTION .ENGiNE. APPLlCATiON FXLED HDV.16. 1914.

Mama Nov. 16, 1915.

SHEET 1.

3 SHEETS WITNESSES:

W. W. HARWOOD.

lNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINL APPLlCATlON FILED NOV. 16, l9l4.

Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

3' SHEETSSHEET 2.

w'. W. HARWOOD.

INTERNAL COMBUSTIOII ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.I6.19I4.

Nov. 16, I915.

SHEET 3.

3 SHEETS Patented llllulllllllllllllll I I n I I I II M I/I/l T/VESSES:

UNT rTED s ra rns PATENT oFFioE.

' WILLIAM HARWOOD, 0F W'AELDER, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OF ONEFFOURTH TO GEORGEHARWOOD, OF CEDAR BAYOU, TEXAS, AND ONE-FOURTH TO IRA BROWN, 01? COM-FORT, TEXAS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

Application filed November 16, 1914. Serial No. 872,348.

water is converted into steam, andthen dc-Q livered into the combustionchamber of an internal'combustion engine and there mingled with thecharge of gasolene and utilized as a motive fluid.

Another feature of the invention resides" in the Provision of means forsupplying the water to be converted into steam, and for regulating theamount of such charge so supplied.

. A further feature of the invention resides in the provision of meanswhereby a steam charge may he suddenly delivered into the combustionchamber, just before the motive fluid charge therein is ignited.

A still further feature of the invention resides in the provision ofmeans whereby the exhaust from the cylinders of the engine isutilizedfor heating the water supplied to the cylinders, and thereby renderingit the more readily convertible into steam.

'iVith the above and other objects in view the invention has particularrelation to certain novel features of construction, opersaid tank andchamber the latter "being.

' shown partially in section, and showing also the pipe connections.Fig. 3,"shows a. sectional end view of thewater-tank. Fig. 4,

shows a section of the pipe connecting the exhaust from the cylinderswith said water tank and chamber, showing the construction for drainingsaid pipe. Fig. 5, shows a sectional view of the motor. F g. 6, shows afragmentary transverse sectional view of employed.

the combustion chamber of one of the cylinders, showing the steamgenerator therein.

Fig. :7, shows a horizontal sectional view thereof. Fig. 8, is a sideview of'the cutof? iialie employed' in connection with the distributingchamber shown in Fig. 5, and, Figs. 9 and 10, show side -elevation andhorizontal sectional views, respectively, of a modified .form of thesteam generator Referring now more particularly to the drawings, whereinlike numerals of refer- I enceades'ignate'fsiinilar parts in eachofthe".figures, the'niimer'al 1, refers toithe-motor casing which may be ofany well-known vconstruction, and in connection with which are thecylinders 2, 3, 4, and-f. "An intake 5 manifold 6, is Provided, whichc0mmunisates with the known manner, leading to which is the in ourcylinders in the welltake pipe 7, which carries the carbureter 8," said'carbureter being of,any approved construction. Each cylinder.is'provided with a piston, as'9, which reciprocates therein and which isdriven by a connecting rod,

chamber 15, having the slide valve 16, each of said valves "beingreciprocated through a valve rod, as 17. Each of said rods is operatedthrough the corresponding crank 18, fixed on the'end of shaft 19, andoperatively connected with its respective rod through the link-20. Theshaft'19 ordinarily runs at one-half of the speed of the engine shaft11, the latter being operatively connected with the former through thespurgear wheels 21 and 22, the former of which is fixed on the engineshaft and has 'a cir-. cumference equal to one-half of the circumferenceof the last mentioned gear wheel,

which is fixed on said shaft 19. The spurgear wheel 22, is-partiallybroken way so as to show the bevel pinion 23, which-is at one-half.thespeed of theengine drive.

shaft, two strokes of the slide valve 16, are

performed for every four strokes of the piston 9. The slide valve 16 isadjusted to open the water port'QG, during the compression stroke oftheengine and to close said port 26, during the power, exhaust andsuction strokes. i

The slide valves are adjusted to operate in uniform successioncorresponding to the firing of the charges. in the cylinders. Toillustrate, taking Fig. 1, of the drawing, in a four cylinderengine, thecharge fires first in the cylinder 2, then incylinder 3, next incylinder 5, and then in cylinder t. This order will be maintained 'inthe construction illustrated in Fig. 5, and in such case the valvecranks 18 must be adjusted so that the valves 16 will open the waterports 26 during the compremion stroke in the cylinders in the order ofsuccession before mentioned, that is. when the water is-cut off from onecylinder, it is admitted to the next succeeding cylinder, in the ordermentioned, and when cut off from that cylinder itis admitted to thenext, and so on.

illustrated in Figgo, the engine has just commenced the compressionstroke and the water port has just begun to open, both the piston andslide valve are ascending and when the crank 18 has reachedthe limitthrust, the water .port 26, is entirely openandthe piston 9v is at themiddle of its second stroke. At this point theslide valve 16 begins itsforward movement and when it has traveled one-fourth ofthe down strokeand the port 26 is closed by it, the piston 9, has reached the end ofthe. compression stroke, and at this point the charge in the cylinderisignited. By the time the piston has reached the end of the power stroke,the

slide valve 16, has performed three-fourths of its back or down stroke,and the piston 9, begins its exhaust stroke, and when the middle of saidstroke has been reached, the valve 10 has completed its back stroke andbegun another forward stroke, and by the time said forward stroke isone-fourth completed, the piston 9, has completed its exhaust stroke andis ready to begin its suction stroke.

\Vhen the valve 16 has performed one-half of its forward stroke, thepiston has reached the middle of its suction stroke, and-by the time theslide valve 16, has performed threefourths of its forward stroke thepiston has reached the end of the suction stroke, and is ready to beginthe compression stroke. At this )oint, the water port 26, begins to openand admit the water charge, and by the time said valve has reached thelimit of its forward stroke, said port is open to its fullest extent,and the piston has reached the middle ofthe compression stroke. Atthis-point the valve 16, begins another back stroke, and when it hasperformed onefourth of said stroke, the piston has completed thecompression stroke andthe water The numeral 27, refers to apump casingwhich is cylindrical in form and which has stationary liner 28, fixedtherein. \Vater is admitted into the casing through the pipe 29, whichleads from said casing and whose free end extends down into the watertank 30, arranged adjacent to the motor. A distrihuting chamber 31 isprovided which communicates with the pump casing through the water pipe32, whose upper end is controlled by the gate valve 33. admitted intothe liner through the valves 3%, 3,4, which open to the right and one ofwhich is located at each end of said liner and is discharged therefromthrough the valves 35, 35, which also-open to the right and one of whichis located at each end of theliner, A piston 36, reciprocates in thelinenZS, and is driven by the pistonrod 37, which in turn, isoperatively connected with the. vvr is t,3 8 of the shaft 25, throughthe connecting rod 39. As shown in the drawings,

" the'piston 3,6, hasbegun the down stroke and the OW of the water isshown by the arrows. The pump operates at one-eighth the speed ofthe-engine, and in thepret'erred form of engine. the pump has asuflicient capacity to give acharge of one cubic inch of water for eachpower stroke of the engine, During the down stroke of the piston 36, asshown in Fig, 5, the upper inlet, valve 3- and the lowerdischarge valve35, will be open, and the other two closed, and during the upper strokeof said piston, the reverse is true. The lower inlet valve 31, and theupper discharge-valve 35, being open and the other two closed,alternatively, gives an even and constant flow of water, the water beingdischarged with each stroke of the piston, and the pum) being, inelfect, a double acting pump. he water is thus forced through the pipe32, into the distributing chamber 31, and thence through the pipe -10into the chamber Back flow of water through the pipe 4Q is prevented bythe gate valve 41.

The distributing chamber 31, is also an air chamber, the air in theupper part there of receiving the pressure of the water and beingcompressed thereby, and the capacity of the chamber 31 in eil'ect, isthus variable. so that if either of the valves 16, should not open intime, that is if the valve controllingthe flow of fluid through one ofthe ports 26 shouldnot open just as the valve COI-iillOlllQg one of theother of said ports closes, 'as heretofore explained, the over supply ofwater to the distributing chamber 31 can be accommodated, until said\fllVt opens, by the further compression of the air in said distributingchamber.

It is sometimes desirous to cut off tlu The water is 1 pivoted at thepoint do.

crank is pivoted to the upper end of the plug 13 and the iree end of theother 4S as it reciprocates the hack m lhis pipe is normally closed bymeans of the plug l3.

plug is normally held in position to bloc; the Water passage Wa ihroughthe pipe $52- by means of th coil spring ell, which is inclosed in thebox l5, carried by the pine l2,

and which is attached to, and presses said plug. A bell crank isprovides One rm e7 thereof, is pivoted to one end of the linlr. n whoseoihe end is pivoted to the menu: lever 50. The lever 50 mag; be fixed inadesired position by engagement vvith Y rack 51. llThen the lever 50 ispulled hack in the direction indicated by she arrow in Fig. 8, the plug43 will be raised through the mechanism just described and the'pipe l2-opened. The Water from his pipe vvill thus be sent back to the Watertank 30. The iiuid, hovv ver, will be retained in the dis tributingchamber 31, in as much as she upper end of the pipe 32 is controlled bythe valve vvhich is closed by she bacl: pressure of the fluid in chamber31.

it will be noted that the valve chamber 15 will usually be filled withwater more or less under compression and in order to minimize the"friction of she valve w ll 16 therewith, said valve is eapered orbeveled each Way, as shown, so as $0 present a more or thin edge eachend of the valve, lo facilitate its movement hack forth.

in each cylinder ihere is a steam generator 52, formed of a tube bentincircular shape, and which is supported by the inner end oi ihe tubularmember 58, which jects into the combustion chamber and Whose interiorcommunicates with the interior of the steam generator, The outer end ofthis member 53, is closed by a cap 54, and the inner end thereof hastivo oppositely disposed rows of perforations fllhe port 26 leads intosaid generator, the same being controlled by the gate valve 5'? whichprevents the back flow of fluid through said port. llithin the tubularmember is a slidable tubular valve Whose open end faces toward the inletport 26, and Whose opposite end is closed, and from the closed end ofwhich extends the valve stem 59. This seem is located axially withrespect to ihe member 53, and extends izhrough v the Her 60, which isfixed in said member,

oei veen said coller the and surround The valve disoose rows ofelinemeni with the corresponding d orifices orifices distance apa 6:2normally holds in such peer lion chat the orifices rvillhave a stagge edrelation to jhc riiices 33. ll' hen a charge of valer is edinitied intothe team the hesifrom the explosion in the combustion chamber,immediately converts said charge into steam, the expansion of whichforces hack the valve 58, overcoming the resistnnce'o'f the spring 62,until ihe' orifices 63, and the orifices are brought into alinement, andthe steam escapes iherethrough into the combustion chasi" A drain pipe6% leads from the steam e into t e exhaust 65. inis Joe is controlled bythe lift valve 66, whose 6? is attached to she lift lever, 68. Qne ofivhis lever is pivoted to the drain pipe and the other end is alinedshove the ex- J valve i l, so that When the exhaust lifts to permitt-heexhaust or gases, it ill also operate to lift LEE the 68 and permit theescape of unconverted vaier from the steam generator, This arrangementis particularly necessary in as much often no explosion occurs in acylinder and in such cases the water in ihe generator would not beconverted inio steam. and should lie druvrn oil to prevent too large acharge vvhen the next explosion occurs.

in Figs. 9 and 10, l have shown a modified form of the steam generatortogether viiili the modified construction for admitting the steam intothe combustion chain in this form on one side of each cylinde haveprovided steam chamber 69, so; arahed from the combustion chamber. 12 bymeans of the partition 70. This partition has a plurality of orifices 11 which are con trolled by, the slide valve 72. The Water charge isdelivered into the steam generasor '73, which is tubular in form andleads from the inlet port 26 and discharges in The steam chamber 39, andWhose respective ends cont-rolled by the gate valves 7-2- and 75respectively,which prevent the hacl; flow of fluid through saidgenerator. This gel'ierator spans the combustion chamber and receivesthe heat from the combustion therein, and the Water is converted steamand is delivered into the steam chember 69. When the explosion occursand the Water in the general-or is converted into steam by theheatiherefroin the steam pressure operates to close the valvel' l and toopen the valve 75, end s e sitcom charge is delivered to the chamhe andthere reinder, a

tained in readiness to be delivered into the combustion chamber at thenext succeeding explosion. The inlet slide valve 72, well as the exhaustvalve Ll is actuated from the cam-shaft 76 through the respective valvestems 77, 7 8, the valve 72 opening to admit the charge of steam intothe combustion the conduit 80 which leads around the front,

end of the motor anddisclfarges into the acket 81, of the distributingchamber d1. This conduit divides, however, and one branch thereofterminates in the jacket 83,

surrounding the water"tanlr 30. The exhaust gases, afterpassing'throughthejacket S1 descend through the pipe Sal into the jacket83 and water in the tank and distributing chamber before they arecondensed and re-delivered into the water tank 30, through the inlet 86.The valve chambers 15 may also be provided with surrounding jackets ifdesired, through which the exhaust gases may be passed for the purposeof heating the water contained therein. The conduit 80, is provided witha'drain cook 85 through which all residuum mdy bedrained ofl from theconduit 80.

hat I claim is 1. A device of the character described, including thecombination with an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, of afluid container, a fluid conduit leading from said container, a steamgenerator in the cylinder and so positioned as to receive heat from thecombustion therein and with which said conduit communicates, means forforcing fluid through said conduit into said generator, and a valveoperated by fluid pres sure in the generator and controlling the passageof fluid therefrom.

3. A device of the character described, including the combination withan internal combustion engine having a cylinder, of a steam generator insaid cylinder and a steam generator arranged entirely within thecylfluid container, a fluid conduit leading from said container andcommunicating with said generator, a means for forcing fluid throughsaid conduit, a mechanism controlling the discharge of fluid from saidconduit into said steam generator, and a valve operated by fluidpressure in the generator and controllingthe passage of fluid therefrom.

3. A device of the character described, in-

cluding the combination with an internal combustion engine having-a cf;ilnden and a said gases serve to heat the ing fluid through said conduitinto said generator and -ieans for intermittently blocking said conduit,and a valve operated by fluid pressure in the generator and controllingthe passage of fluid therefrom..

l. A device of the character described,"ineluding the combination with:an internal combustion engine having a cylinder of a .fluid container,a fluid conduit leading from said container, a steam generator arrangedentirely within the cylinder with which said conduit communicates, avalve for intermittently blocking said conduit, a means for forcingfluid through said conduit into said steam generator, a motive fluidinlet through which a. motive fluid is introduced into the cylinder,sure in the generator and controlling the passage of fluid therefrom.

5. A device of the character described, in-

cluding the combination. with an internal combustion engine having acylinder of a steam generator in said cylinder, a distributing chambercommunicating with said generator, a fluid container, a fluid conduitleading from with, said steam generator through said distributingchamber, a means for forcing fluid through said conduit into saiddistributing chamber and a valve controlling the passage of fluid fromsaid distributing chamber to said steam generator.

6. A device of the character described including the combination with aninternal combustion engine having cylinders of a steam generator in eachcylinder, a distributing chamber communicating with each of said steamgenerators, valves intermittently blocking the passage of fluid fromsaid distributing chamber to said steam generators, a fluid container, afluid conduit leading therefrom and communicating with the distributingchamber means for forcing fluid through said conduit into thedistributing chamber and a motive fluid inlet through which motive fluidis introduced into said cylinder.

7. A device of the character described including an internal combustionengine having cylinders in combination with a distributing chamber asteam generator in each of said cylinders, conduits leading from saiddistributing chamber to the respective generators, a means forcontrolling the flow of fluid through said conduits,.a fluid container,a

said containerand communicating.

and a valve operated by fluid presfluid conduit leading from saidcontainer I and communicating-with said distributing chamber, a pump incommunication with said fiuid conduit, and forcing the flow of fluidtherethrough and into said distributing chamber. and a motive fluidinlet through which motive fluid cylinder.

8. A device of the character described, including the combination withan internal combustion engine having cylinders of a steam generator ineach cylinder, a distributing chamber, conduits leading from saiddistributing chamber and communicating one with each of said generators,valves for in.- termittently blocking the flow of fluid through saidconduits, a fluid container communicating with said distributingchamber, and a pump incommunication with the fluid conduit and forcingthe fluid therethrough.

9. In a device of the character described, a water tank, a distributingchamber, a fluid conduit connecting said tank and chamber,

is introduced into said a pump for forcing water through said con-- duitfrom said tank to said chamber, a relief pipe communicating with saidtank and conduit and means for blocking said pipe, all in combinationwith an internal combustion engine, a steam generator therein incommunication with the chamber and means alternatively blocking andunblocking said communication.

10. A device of the character described including the combination withan internal combustion engine having a cylinder, of a fluid containenafluid conduit leading there- Copies of this patent from, a steamgenerator in the cylinder with which said conduit communicates, meansfor forcing fluid through said conduit into said steam generator and adrain pipe leading from said generator, and means which alternativelyopens and closes said drain pipe.

11. A device of the character described including the combination withan internal combustion engine having cylinders, of a steam generator ineach cylinder, a distributing chamber communicating with each of saidgenerators, means controlling the flow of fluid from said chamber toeach of said generators, a fluid container having a surrounding jacket,a fluid conduit leading from said container and communicating with thedistributing chamber, means for forcing fluid through said conduit'intosaid chamber, an exhaust pipe communicating with each cylinder and alsowith said jacket and conducting the exhaust 'inders into said gases fromthe cyljacket for the purpose of heating the water in said container.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM XV. HAR-W'OOD.

Witnesses:

G. C. E. VAUGHAN, S. H. VAUGHAN.

may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ofPatents,

Washington, I). G. I

